Pagnie generale de salubrite



(No Model.)

- 4 SheetsSheet 1. 'J B. BERLIER. PNEUMATIG APPARATUS FOR lREMOVINGNIGHT SOIL FROM GBSSPOOLS.

ity/Patented Oct. 24,1882.

INVENTOR WlTNEssEs I (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. B. BERLIER.

PNBUMATIG APPARATUS PORV REMOVING NIGHT SOIL PROM GESSPOOLS.

No. 266,416. Patented Oct. 24. 1882. A

WITNESSES; INVENTOR;

3 Lg/jf? i5 PETERS. Plolo-Lilbogmphnr. wnsmngmn. D. C.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. B. BERLIBR.

PNBUMATIG APPARATUS FOB, RBMOVING NIGHT SOIL PROM GEssPooLs; No.266416.4,1882.

WITNESSES:

(No Model.) v 4 Sheets-Sheet 4'.

J. B. BERLIER. PNUMATIC APPARATUSFOR` M .IVIOVIITG NIGHT SOIL FROMGESSPOOLS.

INVENTOR.:

Patented Oct. 24, l1862.

.mmm

WITHESSES:

arten rares Parent trice.

JEAN BAPTISTE BERLIER, OF PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO THE CONI-PAGNIERGENERALE DE SALUBRITE, OF SAA/IE PLACE.

PNEUMATIC APPARATUS FOR REMOVING NIGHT-SOIL FROM CESSPOOLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 266,416, dated October24, 1882.

Application filed January 1'2, 1882.

To all whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, JEAN BAPTISTE BERLiEu, of Paris, France, haveinvented an Improved Pneumatic Apparatus for Removing Night Soil fromCesspools, applicable also to public urinals and apparatus used therein;and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exactdescription ofthe same, reference being had to the annexed sheets otdrawings, making a part ot` the same, and that I have received FrenchLetters Patent for said invention, dated March 14, 1881, and numbered141,763, for the term of it'teen years.

lThis invention relates to a combination of means and arrangements ofapparatus const-ituting a complete pneumatic system of removingnight-soil, whereby thedeposit, handling, and carting of nightsoil areavoided, and the escape of noxious gas and vapors entirely prevented.

The chief feature of the invention consists in the employment ot' anextensive system ot' pneumatic tubing for conveying the night-soil fromthe cesspool or place whereitis deposited to the works, to be convertedinto-chemical products and manure.

In order that the invention may be more readily understood, I haveillustrated examples ot' the various apparatus in the accompanyingdrawings.

iFigures 1 and 2 represent, respectively in longitudinal and transversesect-ion, the sewer or sub-way in which the pneumatic tubeis laid, andalso illustrating'the discharge of the nightsoilinto said tubethrouglithe portable strainer hereinafter described.

The pneumatic tube G is formed of strong pipes, united by spigot andsocket joints or otherwise, and either placed in a sewer or sub- Way,-asshown, or laid in the ground. The tube G is provided at intervals with abranch pipe, F, titted with a cock, upon which may be placed a gage toindicate the vacuum at dit'- t'erent points ot' the tube, so that anyobstruction may be readily localized.

A is a pipe supplying water under pressure for flushing the pneumatictube, a valve, a., at other times intercepting the communication betweenthe two pipes A and G. A special discharge-pipe is provided forcarryingott1 the tl ushing-water, as will be hereinafter explained.

(No model.) Patented in France Marcil 14, 188i, No. 141,763.

The night-soil is led into pipe G through the pipe B, which communicateswith the portable strainer D through the valvebox C, (represented invertical section in Fig. 1, and also on a larger scale in Fig. 8,) whichis let into the pavement, as shown, and is constructed ot' a cast-ironcasing, a2, with a strong cast-iron cover, b, level with the ground,having a roughened surface and secured by a lock, the keyhole ot' whichis closed by asciew plug. The valve-box incloses a screw-down valve, cd, the valve d being ot" india-rubber, by which the thoroughfare throughthe pipeB is regulated, and also a mouth-piece or short pipe, f, placedjust below the ground level and closed b va locked cast-iron cover. Whenconnection is to be made the cover b ot' the casing a2 is taken oti',thecover ot' piecej'of pipe untasicned, the valve d screwed up, and thepipe from the strainer D is then connected to the pipe f. 'Ih'e casinga2 also contains atwo-way cock, g, on a small pipe, h, branching fromthe upper part-,6, of pipe B, t'or the. attachment of a pressure-gage.

The cart or tank containing the night-soil is connected by a hose, E,attached at i to the portable strainer D, and the strainer D (which isseparately represented 011 a larger scale in Figs. 4, 5, and ti) isconnected, by a pipe attached to it atj, to the pipe fin the valvebox.The strainer D is made of a wrought-iron casing closed by an air tightcover, k, and contains concentric gratings l for intercepting foreignmatters.

Figs. 7 and 8 represent an elevation 'and plan of the arrangement ot'machinery and apparatus for discharging the soil at the works. In thesetwo gures H is the discharge-pipe for the Water used for tlushing thepneumatic tube, the communication being closed by a valve, b2, when thenightsoil is being. exhausted. ceived. c c c2 are valves for controllingthe different stages ot the operation g J, rotary or force pumpcommunicating with tank I, and also by pipe N with the general depot ot'nightsoil; K, air pump; L, steamengiue for driving` the shafting cl2,which works pumps; M, exhaust-pipe connecting air-pump'Kwith tank I; 0,tank containing a little water through which the gases are dischargedfrom the air- I is the tank in which the soil is re- IOO pump, passingthence by pipe F to the boilerfurnace,wherethey are consumed;c2,overtlow pipe ot' tank t). An engine ot' five-horse power would besutiicient for a pneumatic tube three kilometers long and eighteencentimeters in diameter. XVith such a tube a vacuum of twenty-one inchesof mercury can be obtained by means of' air-pump K inthirty-tiveminutes. At starting, the air-inlet cock g2 should be closedand the cock f2 in pipe M opened, the valves o c2 closed and c opened,the operation heilig then performed in thei'ollowing manner: The gage onpipe g in the valve-box C shows the night-man when the pressure is suchthat he should commence operations. Said gage is a suitable pressuregage, showing while the valve d is closed how much pressure there is inthe pipes 13 71.. rlhe valve d in the valvebox and that ot' the tank arethen opened, and the soil is exhausted through the strainer D into thetube G, by which it is conveyed into tank I. The engineer at the workswatches the level ot' the soil in the tank I, which is indicated by agage-glass, and when su'i'iiciently full the working ot' the air-pum pl( is stopped. The cock f2 is then closed and valve c'zopeued, and therotary pump J started to pump the soil from tank I to the general depot,the vacumn being all the while maintained in tank I.

,Ey this mode ot' operating the work is peri formed uninterruptedly, thenight-soil continuously owing into tank l, and being simultaneouslypumped thence to the general depot. The exhausting action is soregulated as to maintain the same pressure in the tube. The air-pump,however, should be left in communication with the tank to remove any airthat may leak in. The discharge of thetanks or carts into the pneumatictube may be performed in the street without nuisance, as no smellescapes, the gases being` rapidly exhausted to the works. The dischargeot' the soil from the tank 1 is facilitated by the agitation or stateot' apparent ebullition due to the extrication ot' the air in the massby the pump and the e vaporation produced by the diminution of pressure,whereby the solid matters are maintained in suspension in the liquid.This ebullition has an important influence upon the success oftheoperatiomas it prevents all deposit ot' the solid matters.

Instead ot' conveying the tanks tilled with night-soil to a certainpoint to be discharged by the pneumatic tube, as above described, thesaid tube may bc laid in the ground or in the sewers in proximity to thehouses, and

connected by pipes with the tanks and strainers of this invention, whichare placed in the house-vaults or beneath public urinals.

I employ novel arrangements for collecting the urine, from which variousproducts may be obtained. Figs. J and 1t) represent an ar` rangementwhich may be employed when itis required to siphon the pneumatic tube.Fig. 9 is a vertical longitudinal section of the main sewer opposite abranch sewer. Fig. l() is a section at right angles thereto through thebranch. A2 is the main sewer, and 1) the branch opening into it; G2,main pneumatic tube, and D2 branch pneumatic tube connecting with it;E2, pipe for collecting the gases, communicating with the main pneumatictube by pipes F2, said pipe E2 also serving to bal` ance the pressureot' the gases in case of obstruction ot' the bend ot' the siphon.Supposing the matters to arrive suddenly from o2, and that there is anaccumulation ot' gases at a6, a momentary stoppage would be caused; butby the arrangement shown the gases escape at. cAl through pipe Wandreservoir Eand continue their progress toward o3, while the matterscontained in the bend 'lri ot' the siphon also resume their progresstoward ci.

I claiml. The pneumatic tube G, combined with purge-pipe A, cock a,supply-pipe Il), and with apparatus, substantially as described, forcrcating suction in pipe Gr, as and for the purpose specified.

2. The strainer D, combined with pipes 'i /j and gratings?. and with thepneumatic tube (r and pipe B, with which it communicates, slibstantialiyas specitied.

3. The valve-box C, combined with valve c d, mouth-pieccj",and with thepneumatic tube G aud pipe B, with which it communicates, substantiallyas herein shown and described.

4. rlhe combination of the pipe E, strainer D, valve-box G, pipe 1E,pneumatic pipe (l, water-supply pipe A, and valve a with apparatus,substantially as specified, for creating a vacuum in the pipe G, as sett'orth.

5. The combination ot' pipc C2, having bend b3, with the pipes F2 andE2, for the passage of gases where the pneumatic tube is siphoned incase otl any obstructimi in the bend ot' the siphon, as described.

JEAN BAPTISTE BlltLlICl-t.

\Vitnesses:

IOC)

IOS

